Turner's+Syndrome

__Overview: __Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition that alters development in females. Women with this condition tend to be shorter than average and are usually unable to conceive a child because of an absence of ovarian function. __Signs and Symptoms: __Signs that someone has this disorder is abnormalities in development of reproductive organs, delayed puberty, short stature, underdeveloped jaw, high blood pressure or osteoporosis. There are many more signs of Turner syndrome but those are just the basic and most common. Then some symptoms for some girls the presence of Turner syndrome may not be readily apparent but in other girls it can be different. A number of physical features and poor growth are apparent early. Signs and symptoms can be subtle, developing slowly over time, or significant, such as heart defects. The life expectancy is about thirteen years old but if fatal the age can be eight to nine years old to live. __Genetics: __ It’s caused by a nondisjunction allele because instead of the set of chromosomes splitting apart, they stay together. This means both of the X chromosomes go to one egg cell and the other egg cell gets no X chromosomes. The egg cell with no X chromosomes is the child that ends up getting turner syndrome. This is known as the Classical Turner Syndrome, but the other type is known as Mosaic Turner syndrome, mosaicism, or Turner mosaicism is where the abnormalities occur only in the X chromosome of some of the body's cells. This is a sex-linked disease because it’s when the female is partly or completely missing an X chromosome. This is due to the mutation that the individual has one X chromosome instead of two.  //Turner syndrome X chromosome alleles// media type="youtube" key="YQG8o5b4lKg" width="560" height="315" //What Turner syndrome really is and how it happens// __Society and Culture: __Society has created multiple websites for Turner Syndrome to raise money for children that struggle with this disease. This disorder in some cases does affect the way a person is able to contribute to society because of their abnormal body and the short life expectancy. For the most part, all cultures view Turner Syndrome like everyone else. Most people in society either feel extremely bad for the person but if they don’t particularly know what it is they can fear the person. This isn’t because of cultures, but it’s because of our society and how people who don’t have insite of what’s wrong they easily judge from the outside. __History: __The name "Turner syndrome" comes from the doctor, Dr. Henry Turner, who first described the collection of findings in 1938. It was not until 1959 that the cause of Turner syndrome (having only a single X chromosome) was identified. The name of the disease came from the person who discovered it, which Turner is his last name. “Turner described 7 patients between the ages of 15 and 23, who were referred to him for dwarfism and lack of sexual development. He treated them with pituitary extracts, but they were ineffective.Since then, many studies have evaluated Turner syndrome in greater detail and added to our knowledge base.” Then in March 2000 an international multidisciplinary workshop came out with the fifth International Symposium on Turner Syndrome update. __Distribution: __This disorder isn’t more or less common in different parts of the world because you get it from your genes which is your mom. It all depends on your own family genes and if only one X chromosome pair is given to the egg cell. __Management and treatment__:Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition that occurs when one of the two X chromosomes found in females is missing or incomplete. It is a chromosomal condition that only affects females. It is one of the most common chromosomal conditions, occurring in about 1 out of every 2,500 live female births.People manage having and stopping this disease by making sure that the person is looked after not highly active or making sure u or not a carrier for the disease in the first place. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: rgba(0,0,0,0.870588); font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small;">Treatment involves hormone therapy. Fertility treatment may be necessary for women who want to become pregnant. Turner syndrome can be treated by medicine, therapy, medical procedure, or specialists.

__Miscellaneous:__ Turner syndrome can cause really bad middle ear infections, hormone treatments 100% of the time, high blood pressure in females and could possibly be presented with heart problems.
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;">__<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Further research: __<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Turner syndrome is named from Henry Turner who, in 1938, was one of the first doctors to report on the disorder in the medical literature. Turner syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal disorders and likely the most common genetic disorder of females. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #333333; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__References__: <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c][|d][|e][|f][|g][|h][|i][|"What are the symptoms of Turner syndrome?"]<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; vertical-align: baseline;">. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 30 November 2012. [|Archived]<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015. > > > > > > > > >
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|"Turner Syndrome: Overview"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. 3 April 2013. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|"How do health care providers diagnose Turner syndrome?"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 30 November 2012. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c][|d][|e][|"What are common treatments for Turner syndrome?"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 30 November 2012.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c][|d] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Sybert VP, McCauley E (September 2004). "Turner's syndrome". The New England Journal of Medicine. 351 (12): 1227–38. [|doi] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: [|10.1056/NEJMra030360] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|PMID][|15371580] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Donaldson MD, Gault EJ, Tan KW, Dunger DB (June 2006). [|"Optimising management in Turner syndrome: from infancy to adult transfer"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 91 (6): 513–20. [|doi] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: [|10.1136/adc.2003.035907] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|PMC][|2082783] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> [[image:https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/sbdhR5r2tDhiduto6L4G9vj7qxtHle-ZiiKDWNWWav_Md1hhy9_p3usVwT14cdiKCNnCtCRmkjoVXSJzUWwRngmX2cimfVF7dSPRZDAxzvza9USCl6Pw5E8b8ViFqZPVrD1vWDGA width="12" height="19" caption="Freely accessible"]]. [|PMID][|16714725] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2012-03-07.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Marino BS (2013). [|Blueprints pediatrics] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> (Sixth ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 319. [|ISBN][|978-1-4511-1604-5] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2017-09-10.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|c][|"How many people are affected or at risk?"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 30 November 2012. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> [|Jump up ^] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cummings M (2015). [|Human Heredity: Principles and Issues] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Cengage Learning. p. 161. [|ISBN][|978-1-305-48067-4] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. [|Archived] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> from the original on 2017-09-10.
 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #222222; display: block; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: left; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">^ [|Jump up to: a][|b][|"Turner Syndrome: Condition Information"] <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12.66px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. 30 November 2012.

10. [|__https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/445555__] 11.[|__https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/turner-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360782__]